Distributor pump



Oct. 25, 1966 ERICA s. MULLER-MEYER 3,230,747

DISTRIBUTOR PUMP Filed June 14, 1965 5 Sheets-Shet 1 O 1966 ERICA s.MULLER-MEYER 3,280,747

DISTRIBUTOR PUMP 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 14, 1965 Oct. 25, 1966ERICA s. MULLER-MEYER 3,230,747

. DISTRIBUTOR PUMP Filed June 14. 1965 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 United StatesPatent 3,280,747 DISTRIBUTOR PUMP Erica S. Muller-Meyer, Lugano,Switzerland, assignor to Louis Sarrazin, Nice, France Filed June 14,1965, Ser. No. 463,512 Claims priority, application Switzerland, June16, 1964, 7,818/ 64 6 Claims. (Cl. 103-2) The invention concerns adistributor pump, in particular for lubricating oil, with a pump casinghaving several outlets and a piston guided in a distributing member, thedistributor being driven progressively by a rotary shaft fitted with aratchet freewheel, the delivery strokes being forced upon the piston bya cam ring and the filling strokes by the cam-type heads of adjustablescrews.

Distributor pumps of this type are already known. Com-pared todistributor pumps whose distributing member is driven uniformly,progressive drive has the advantage that with equal time of rotation, orequal delivery interval respectively, a multiplication of the pistonspeed and so a considerable increase of suction and dischargepreformance is achieved.

The drawback of known pumps of this type was that step-by-step advancewas not synchronized with the filling and delivery strokes of thepiston. The consequence was that frequently an advance step of theratchet wheel came to an end in the middle of a delivery stroke of thepiston and that the discharge stroke was only completed aftertermination of the next advance step. This resulted in leakage losses atthe piston and therefore unequa-l delivery quantities, which isundersirable.

The purpose of the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks.

The invention is characterized in that the number of teeth of thevfreewheel ratchet [forms an integral ratio with respect to the numberof outlets in the pump casing with the object of adapting the advancesteps of the ratchet freew'heel to the overlapping additions of theinlet and outlet ducts in such a way that each delivery stroke of thepiston occurs during a single advance step of the ratchet freewheel.

In the accompanying drawing, one form of execution of the mechanicallubricating pump according to the invention is illustrated by way ofexample, where:

FIG. 1 shows an axial section through the lubricating p p;

FIG. 2 partly a view from above and on the upper left side a section online 11-11 in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 an axial section of the upper part of the pump on line III-III inFIG. 2, but with the distributor turned clockwise through about 20";

FIG. 4 a section of the lower part of the pump on line IVIV in FIG. 1,but with the driving shaft turned anticlockwise through 90;

FIG. 5 the same section as FIG. 4, but with the driving shaft turnedanticlockwise through further 180";

FIG. 6 a diagram where, with reference to each other, are graphicallyrepresented, in the lower part the piston movement at A, /2, and fullstroke, in the middle part the overlapping conditions of the controlducts, and in the upper part the intermittent movement imposed upon thedistributor by the ratchet freewheel.

According to the drawing, in the upper pump casing or body 1 a ring 2 isfixed in which the distributor 3 can turn. At the upper part of thedistributor '3 a slot 4 is provided in which a pin '5 is fittedtransversely on which a tilting lever 6 can freely turn. In an axialbore of the distributor the piston 7 can move in which a slot 8 isprovided with a fixed pin 9. A member 10 which can rock freely in theslots 4 and 8, and resting with its middle part of the piston 7 andsliding with its ends under 3,280,747 Patented Oct. 25, 1966 "ice a ring11 fixed on the casing 1, serves as a means for producing the deliverystroke of the piston 7.

The ring is provided with an even number of cams arranged at equaldistances. Above this ring 11 and separated from it by a slotted spacer13, a ring '15 provided with set screws 16 is fixed. These set screwsare used for adjusting the suction strokes of the piston. In order torender impossible the jamming of the outer arm of tle'ver 6 behind theset screws its freedom of upward movement is limited to the usefulamount by a wire spring 17 surrounding the rotor in a circular groove.The shafts of the set screws 16 are provided with a slot 18 (FIG. 3) inwhich a wire spring 19 is inserted pressing with its outer legs againstthe female thread provided for the screw in ring 15, and according tothe pretension of spring 19 opposes the rotation of the screw bytractive stress, thus precluding any unvoluntary displacement of the setscrew.

In order to :facilitate the setting of the screw to a predeterminedoutput the threaded bores in ring 15 are provided with an uneven numberof grooves parallel to the axis with which the outer legs of the springengage alternately, the result being double the number of engagingpositions per screw revolution. The members 11, 14 and 15 are confinedin the upper casing by means of a threaded ring 21, whereby the pins 22and 23 ensure correct position of parts 11 and 15 with respect to thealternately grouped suction and discharge ducts.

The suction ducts 24 in the distributor seat 2 are directly connected tothe oil tank by vertical bores 25, the annular channel 26 and thescrewed connection 27 for a suction pipe. Seven of the eight dischargeducts 28 are attached to screwed connections 29, whilst the eighth whichis situated above the suction duct 27 communicates with the internalspace of the pump through a slot 30. The oil discharged on this point isused for self-lubrication of the pump mechanism. A single port at theouter end of a radial channel 31 in the tapered distributor sweeps overthe suction and discharge ducts 24 and 28 and alternately connects themwith the working chamber 32 of the pump. The bottom of said chamber isformed by a plug 33 fastened within the central through-hole of thedistributor.

At its lower part the distributor ends in a shaft 3 turning within adownward extension of the upper casing. This extention comprises aframe-like part 1 forming a window 34 (FIGS. 4 and 5) for the mountingof a driving and reduction gear and ends in a tenon 1" which finds itstarget in an axial bore of the lower casing 35. A lateral flange of thelower casing serves as bearing for the driving shaft 36 whose free endis provided with a slot for accommodating a rotary driver. In axialdirection the driving shaft is fixed by a stud bolt 38 engaging in acircular groove provided on the shaft. An excentric pivot 39 at the pumpend of the latter by means of a vertically movable piston 40, initiatesa horizontal reciprocal motion in a U-type rocker 41 which turns aboutthe lower part 3' of the rotor. Between the parallel parts of rocker 41,a pin 42 fixes a ratchet wheel 43 to the distributor shaft and,swiveling on a pin 44, a pawl 45 is arrested and released by a preloadedannular coil spring 46 provided to slip with adequate friction on thelower part of ratchet wheel 43 and engaged with a loop 46' in atransverse slot in the lower part of pawl 45. A second coil spring 47engages with an eye 47 in the radial slot 48 of ring 15 and from thereclosely encircles the rotor almost completely anticlockwise in a shallowannular groove. The oil discharges for internal lubrication into theupper casing by duct 30 rises to the horizontal shoulder of the rotorunderneath ring 15, then through two symmetrically arranged verticalducts 49 in the rotor, drains into the ring space 50 underneath thetapered part of the distributor and from here, through duct 51 in thebottom of the upper casing falls into the lower casing. Through crossholes 52 it enters the lower end of the rotor and from there it entersthe hollow lower end of the rotor and from there, through an axial boreof the screw-plug 53 provided with an extension taking a transparentplastic tube, flows back into the tank. The method of working of thelubricating pump is a follows: Independent of its sense of rotation, bymeans of eccenter 39 and piston 40, driving shaft 34 imparts positivelyto rocker 41 a synchronous reciprocal movement. Out of the full cycle ofthis sinusoidal oscillation approximately one forth is transmitted tothe rotor as follows. After completed rotor advance which according tothe layout of the ratchet is always produced clockwise (seecorresponding position in FIG. 4), the rotor stops while, by the reversemovelent of the rocker which now begins, the pawl 44 is swunganticlockwise around the rotor axis. Hereby the pawl is disengaged bythe loop 46 of the still stationary coil spring 46 whose two armsencircle the shaft of the ratchet wheel 43. But as soon as the pawlfinger bears against the crosspiece 41 of the rocker which serves as astop, the spring is shifted on the ratchet wheel shaft for the rest ofthe swing by overcoming its frictional resistance. After the end of thisphase of movement, rocker 41 begins its clockwise rotation. Hereby inthe first instance the spring loop 46 engages the pawl 45 with the stillmotionless ratchet wheel and only after the gear has been interlockedthe complete rocker and the rotor are jointly shifted for a tooth pitchinto the end position shown in FIG. 4. This ratchet free-wheel known insimilar execution is supplemented and improved by an additionalfreewheel gear which releases clockwise and blocks anticlockwiserotation of the distributor, thus ensuring that the latter neither byexcessive friction of coil spring 46 on the ratchet wheel shaft nor byan increase of friction between the movable members of the ratchet gear,due to impurities or minor manufacturing discrepancies, can be put intoan oscillating movement. In the example of execution this lockingmechanism is formed by an annular coil spring 47, retained with an eye47 in a radial slot of ring 15 and from there encircles the upper partof the rotor counterclockwise. It thus opposes the undesired movement ofthe rotor in this direction considerably by jamming, whilst clockwise itis expanded and exerts only an insignificant friction on to the rotorwhich in .this direction, in the locked position of the ratchet gear, ispositively driven by the driving shaft. The same result could beachieved by an adequately arranged helical spring.

In its rotation, the distributor 3 carries along with it in the slot 4the lever 6 and the member 10. The latter slides with its ends under thecam track of ring 11 fixed to the casing. Whenever member resting on themiddle part of piston 7 is pressed downwards by two diametricallyopposite cams, it effects the descent of the piston. During thisdownward movement duct 31 connects the chamber 32 underneath the pistonwith a discharge duct 28. After the end of the descent of the piston andthe expulsion of the oil, the tilting lever 6 in positive coaction withthe piston, comes in touch with a set screw 16 and, rocking around pin5, with its other arm and by means of pin 9 lifts the piston whereby thelatter effects a filling stroke. Whilst the piston rises the chamberunderneath enlarges in volume and, through duct 31 in the distributor,communicates with one of the suction ducts 24 and consequently, througha vertical duct 25, with the circular channel 26 (FIG. 3) and thesuction connection 27 (FIG. 1). When the set screws are brought intotheir highest position (at left in FIG. 1) lever 6 does not anymore getin contact with that screw and the piston and member 10 stay in theirlowest position, so that neither filling nor ejection takes place. Inorder to obtain the delivery of a predetermined quantity, it issufficient to set the respective screw to the desired height. The setscrew are secured against unintentional displacement by means of thesprings 19.

In order to take full advantages of the intermittant rotor drive, theadvance steps should be adapted to the number of the discharge openingsin such a way that the same optimal conditions are provided for allopenings. For this reason in the example of construction the ratchetwheel which is provided with 24 teeth is fixed to the rotor by means ofpin 42 in such a way that each discharge stroke is accomplished in onecourse and the suction stroke is performed in two sections during twoadvance steps following one another with an interval (see diagram inFIG. 6). In order to make sure that each delivery stroke occurs during asingle advance step, the number of teeth of the ratchet wheel must be inan integral ratio to the number of outlets in the upper casing. In thedescribed example there are 24 teeth and 8 outlets.

What I claim is:

1. A distributor pump, in particular for lubricating oil, comprising apump body having a plurality of outlets therein and a rotarydistributing member having control ports progressively driven by arotary shaft, a piston guided in said rotary distributing member, aratchet freewheel gearing provided on said shaft, a cam ring acting uponthe said piston to effect the delivery strokes of the latter, cam-typeheads of adjustable screws acting also on said piston to individuallyeffect the filling strokes for each of said control ports, the number ofteeth of the said ratchet wheel being an integral ratio of the number ofoutlets in the said pump body in order to adapt the advance steps of theratchet free-wheel to the overlapping conditions of the said controlports sweeping over the inlet and outlet ducts in such a manner thateach delivery stroke of the piston is accomplished during a singleadvance step of the ratchet free-wheel.

2. A distributor pump, in particular for lubricating oil, comprising apump body having a plurality of outlets therein and a rotarydistributing member having control ports progressively driven by arotary shaft, a piston guided in said rotary distributing member, aratchet freewheel gearing provided on said shaft, a cam ring acting uponthe said piston to effect the delivery strokes of the latter, cam-typeheads of adjustable screws acting also on said piston to individuallyeffect the filling strokes for each of said control ports, the number ofteeth of the said ratchet wheel being an integral ratio of the number ofoutlets in said pump body in order to adapt the advance steps of theratchet free-wheel to the overlapping conditions of the said controlports sweeping over the inlet and outlet ducts in such a manner thateach delivery stroke of the piston is accomplished during a singleadvance step of the ratchet free-Wheel, the suction stroke of the pistonbeing performed during two consecutive advance steps of the ratchetfree-Wheel.

3. A distributor pump, in particular for lubricating oil, comprising apump body having a plurality of outlets therein and a rotarydistributing member having control ports progressively driven by arotary shaft, a piston guided in said rotary distributing member, aratchet freewheel gearing provided on said shaft, a cam n'ng acting uponthe said piston to elfect the delivery strokes of the latter, cam-typeheads of adjustable screws acting also on said piston to individuallyeffect the filling strokes for each of said control ports, the number ofteeth of the said ratchet wheel being an integral ratio of the number ofoutlets in said pump body in order to adapt the advance steps of theratchet free-wheel to the overlapping conditions of the said controlports sweeping over the inlet and outlet ducts in such a manner thateach delivery stroke of the piston is accomplished during a singleadvance step of the ratchet free-wheel, the suction stroke of the pistonbeing performed during two consecutive advance steps of the ratchetfreewheel, the said ratchet gearing being designed to impart to therotary distributing member during one complete revolution three times asmany advance steps as there are outlets.

4. A distributor pump, in particular for lubricating oil, comprising apump body having a plurality of outlets therein and a rotarydistributing member having control ports progressively driven by arotary shaft, a piston guided in said rotary distributing member, aratchet freewheel mechanism connected to said shaft and blocking therotary distributing member in the counter-direction of the advancesteps, a cam ring acting upon the said piston to effect the deliverystrokes of the latter, camtype heads of adjustable screws acting also onsaid piston to individually effect the filling strokes for each of saidcontrol ports, the number of teeth of the said ratchet wheel being anintegral ratio of the number of outlets in the said pump body in orderto adapt the advance steps of the ratchet free-wheel to the overlappingconditions of the said control ports sweeping over the inlet and outletducts in such a manner that each delivery stroke of the piston isaccomplished during a single advance step of the ratchet free-wheel.

5. A distributor pump, in particular for lubricating oil, comprising apump body having a plurality of outlets therein and a rotarydistributing member having control ports progressively driven by arotary shaft, a piston guided in said rotary distributing member, aratchet free- Wheel mechanism connected to said shaft and blocking therotary distributing member in the counter-direction of the advancesteps, a cam ring acting upon the said piston to effect the deliverystrokes of the latter, cam-type heads of adjustable screws acting alsoon said piston to individually effect the filling strokes for each ofsaid control ports, the number of teeth of the said ratchet wheel beingan integral ratio of the number of outlets in the said pump body inorder to adapt the advance steps of the ratchet free-wheel to theoverlapping conditions of the said control ports sweeping over the inletand outlet ducts in such a manner that each delivery stroke of thepiston is accomplished during a single advance step of the ratchetfree-wheel, the said free-wheel locking mechanism comprising a leafspring or a helical spring closely encircling a cylindrical part of therotary distributing member and engaging with one end in a slot of a ringfixed to the pump body.

6. A distributor pump, in particular for lubricating oil, comprising apump body having a plurality of outlets therein and a rotarydistributing member having control ports progressively driven by arotary shaft, a piston guided in said rotary distributing member, aratchet freewheel gearing provided on said shaft, a cam ring acting uponthe said piston to effect the delivery strokes of the latter, cam-typeheads of adjustable screws acting also on said piston to individuallyeffect the filling strokes for each of said control ports, the number ofteeth of the said ratchet Wheel being an integral ratio of the number ofoutlets in the said pump body in order to adapt the advance steps of theratchet free-wheel to the overlapping conditions of the said controlports sweeping over the inlet and outlet ducts in such a manner thateach delivery stroke of the piston is accomplished during a singleadvance step of the ratchet free-wheel, an axial slot of the cam-typeset screws governing the filling strokes and a prestressed wire springbeing provided, which presses with its legs against the female thread ofthe screw, this latter thread being provided with an uneven number ofaxial grooves.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,781,948 11/1930Davis 184-27 2,481,856 9/1949 Medhaug 103-2 2,546,585 3/ 1951 Caldwell1032 3,046, 894 7/ 1962 Machen 1033 8 MARK NEWMAN, Primary Examiner. W.J. KRAUSS, Assistant Examiner.

1. A DISTRIBUTOR PUMP, IN PARTICULAR FOR LUBRICATING OIL COMPRISING APUMP BODY HAVING A PLURALITY OF OUTLETS THEREIN AND A ROTARYDISTRIBUTING MEMBER HAVING CONTROL PORTS PROGRESSIVELY DRIVEN BY AROTARY SHAFT, A PISTON GUIDED IN SAID ROTARY DISTRIBUTING MEMBER, ARATCHET FREEWHEEL GEARING PROVIDED ON SAID SHAFT, A CAM RING ACTING UPONTHE SAID PISTON TO EFFECT THE DELIVERY STROKES OF THE LATTER, CAM-TYPEHEADS OF ADJUSTABLE SCREWS ACTING ALSO ON SAID PISTON TO INDIVIDUALLYEFFECT THE FILLING STROKES FOR EACH OF SAID CONTROL PORTS, THE NUMBER OFTEETH OF THE SAID RATCHET WHEEL BEING AN INTEGRAL RATIO OF THE NUMBER OFOUTLETS IN THE SAID PUMP BODY IN ORDER TO ADAPT THE ADVANCE STEPS OF THERATCHET FREE-WHEEL TO THE OVERLAPPING CONDITIONS OF THE SAID CONTROLPORTS SWEEPING OVER THE INLET AND OUTLET DUCTS IN SUCH A MANNER THATEACH DELIVERY STROKE OF THE PISTON IS ACCOMPLISHED DURING A SINGLEADVANCE STEP OF THE RATCHET FREE-WHEEL.